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"proxy" is a term used to describe a server "proxy" refers to the idea of a proxy commonly called a proxy server is software that acts as an intermediary between a server and a client via the internet. Without proxy, a user could make a request for an online server, and the server would serve direct to the requester. While this approach is straightforward to understand and implement, adding proxies offers advantages like more speed, privacy and security, and so on. As a layer of pass-through, the proxy serves as a shield for the internet between clients and servers.




It is generally accepted that the system of server hardware and the software for proxy installation is usually known as proxy servers. This article will concentrate on proxy servers which are usually considered to be software but specifically in relation to web servers. We will present a summary of the two principal kinds of proxies, which is the reverse proxy as well as a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has its own usage scenario, which is often misinterpreted due to the overlapping terminology.




This article will provide you with an understanding of how proxies work, what their subtypes and ways that they can prove useful in a variety of configurations. If you read this article, you'll be able to recognize the circumstances in which the use of proxies is advantageous, and determine the most appropriate alternative between forward and reverse proxy for any particular situation.



Understanding Forward Proxies



The forward proxy also known in the context of an open proxy serves as the representative of the client trying to relay requests via the internet to a server that is the source. In this situation, any attempt to send requests by the user will be sent via an forward proxy. Forward proxy acting in place of the user, will examine the request. Then, it will decide whether the client is permitted to send requests via this particular forward proxy. It will then orally reject a request and transfer it on to the server that originated the request. The client isn't able to connect directly to internet. It is only able to connect to what the forward proxy permits the client to access.




The primary reason for people to use forward proxies is to gain greater privacy or security when using the internet. Forward proxy allows you to access the internet instead of clients, and in this way, it utilizes an IP address that is different from the IP address used by the client.




Based on the way it's set up depending on how it is configured forward proxy could offer a variety of features and allow you to:




Beware of ad-tracker.


Circumvent surveillance.


You can identify limitations based on your geographic place of residence.




Forward proxies are also utilized for security systems that are centralized and access dependent on permissions, for instance in a workplace. If all internet traffic is routed through an open forward proxy layer an administrator can restrict access to only a limited number of users to the internet and be filtered by an common firewall. Instead of creating firewalls for the client layer which can be used by a number of computers that have different settings and types of users, you can have a firewall at the front proxy layer.




Be aware that forward proxy servers must be manually configured for use in order to be used, while reverse proxies are able to be hidden from the view of clients. Based on whether or not an IP address belonging to the user is relayed to the server that originated it by the forward proxy privacy and anonymity are granted or denied.




There are many options to consider for forward proxies.




Apache An open-source, well-known web server that has forward proxy capability.


Nginx is another widely-used open-source webserver, which includes forward proxy functions.


Squid is a free forward proxy which uses an HTTP protocol. It's not included with the whole web server. Follow our steps on how to configure Squid proxy to permit private connections to Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol rather than HTTP which allows it to be more suitable for applications such as peer-to-peer connections. You might also want to learn how to set up Dante proxy to permit private connections in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy serves to act as a proxy for web server, that handles customer requests for its behalf. The server could be a single, or multiple servers. Also, it could serve as an app server such as Gunicorn. In either scenario the request will be made via the internet in general. Typically, the request is sent directly to the server hosting the information the user is in need of. A reverse proxy acts as an intermediary and isolates Web servers from any direct contact with the web's public.




From the point of view of the client an individual's perspective, the process of using reverse proxy is the same than working with the server on its own. It's the same, but the client cannot discern the difference. Client requests the resource and is then supplied with it, without additional configuration required for the customer.




Reverse proxies provide features like:




The server for the web is secure centrally.


Traffic coming into your site is routed based upon rules you set.


A new feature to cache has been added.




While central security is a benefit offered by both forward and reverse proxy servers. Reverse proxies offer this feature to only the server layer and they do not offer this feature to clients. In lieu of maintaining firewalls at the server layer that could include multiple servers, each with various configurations, the bulk of security for firewalls is concentrated at the reverse proxy level. Additionally, removing the burden of interacting with a firewall and connecting to requests from clients away from web servers allows the firewall to focus on meeting the requirements of their customers.




If there are multiple servers hosted within a reverse proxy this reverse proxy will be also accountable for the way requests are routed through the server that is hosting them. Many web servers may be providing the identical service, providing different types of resource or a mix of both. They may employ their HTTP protocol to serve as an ordinary web server but can also include application server protocols such as FastCGI. You can also configure reverse proxy servers to redirect users to specific servers depending on the resource requested or to follow certain rules for traffic load.




Reverse proxies can also benefit from their placement prior to web servers by offering caching capabilities. Large static assets can be set using caching rules to prevent hitting web servers each time you request. There are solutions that permit you to directly serve static assets without connecting with the server on any manner. In addition, the reverse proxy is capable of compressing these assets.




The renowned Nginx web server also functions as a powerful reverse proxy solution. Even though Apache can also be a reverse proxy service it is not the only one. Apache web server comes outfitted with reverse proxy feature which is a feature that is available for Apache However, Nginx was designed originally to and concentrates specifically on reverse proxy features.



The distinction is between Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use Cases



Since "forward" as well as "reverse" are associated with the notion of directionality as well as misleading comparisons to "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic The labels can be confusing since both types of proxies deal with requests and responses. An alternative method to distinguish between reverse and forward proxy is to analyze the specifications of the application that you're creating.




Reverse proxy can be useful when you're developing a method to connect web-based applications to the internet. They act as your web servers whenever you connect to the internet.




Forward proxy is helpful when you are in front of customers for your personal use or in a professional setting. They serve as the proxy for your client for interactions on the internet.




The ability to differentiate by the use of case instead of focusing on the common naming conventions will assist you in avoiding confusion.



Conclusion



This article describes what a proxy is with two types: the forward proxy and the reverse proxy. Practical examples of its use and a review of the beneficial features were used to distinguish forward proxies and reverse proxies. If you're interested to learn more about the use of proxy servers, check out our tutorial on how to set up Nginx as reverse proxy with Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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